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cefazolin sodium salt, 98  (Fisher Scientific)

 
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    Fisher Scientific cefazolin sodium salt, 98
    Cefazolin Sodium Salt, 98, supplied by Fisher Scientific, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cefazolin+sodium+salt%2C+98/cefotaxime/pm39663374-367-10-14
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cefazolin sodium salt, 98 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    90/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Bacteria:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Staining:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Biomarker Discovery:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Imaging:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Labeling:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Generated:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Whisker Assay:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Comparison:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Sequencing:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay:

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment.
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. 1a). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.

    Article Title: Cefazolin shifts the kidney microbiota to promote a lithogenic environment
    Article Snippet: weeks age, animals were randomized into eight treatment groups, four cages per group for a total of 16 animals in each intervention or control arm. .. Four groups of mice received antibiotic-free water and four received cefazolin sodium salt, 98% (Fisher Scientific) in water (0.125 g/L) for either 3 days (short-term) or 14 days (long-term) (Fig. ). .. During antibiotic exposure, all animals received water with 2 g/L sucralose.



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    Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. aureus strains. (A to C) Strains JE2, 117, and 158 were exposed to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (A), <t>cefazolin</t> (B), or bacitracin (C). (A) JE2 displays resistance to gentamicin, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.0 μg/mL, while 117 and 158 are susceptible, as they exhibit MICs of 0.5 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively. (B) JE2, 117, and 158 are all susceptible to cefazolin, with MICs of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively. (C) JE2, 117, and 158 are all resistant to bacitracin, as they exhibit MICs of >32, 24, and >32 μg/mL, respectively. The red line represents the MIC breakpoint for each antibiotic for S. aureus . An MIC value at or above the MIC breakpoint classifies the pathogen as resistant to the antibiotic. (D) Susceptibility of S. aureus strains to triple antibiotic pocket irrigant (TAPI) was determined based on an increase in optical density, indicating growth of strains, when exposed to TAPI compared to those not exposed to TAPI. JE2, 117, and 158 display susceptibility to TAPI. MICs were determined using an optical density at 600 nm (OD 600 ) threshold lower than 0.1, and heat maps display a representative of one of the three replicates. MHB, Mueller-Hinton broth.
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    Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. aureus strains. (A to C) Strains JE2, 117, and 158 were exposed to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (A), <t>cefazolin</t> (B), or bacitracin (C). (A) JE2 displays resistance to gentamicin, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.0 μg/mL, while 117 and 158 are susceptible, as they exhibit MICs of 0.5 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively. (B) JE2, 117, and 158 are all susceptible to cefazolin, with MICs of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively. (C) JE2, 117, and 158 are all resistant to bacitracin, as they exhibit MICs of >32, 24, and >32 μg/mL, respectively. The red line represents the MIC breakpoint for each antibiotic for S. aureus . An MIC value at or above the MIC breakpoint classifies the pathogen as resistant to the antibiotic. (D) Susceptibility of S. aureus strains to triple antibiotic pocket irrigant (TAPI) was determined based on an increase in optical density, indicating growth of strains, when exposed to TAPI compared to those not exposed to TAPI. JE2, 117, and 158 display susceptibility to TAPI. MICs were determined using an optical density at 600 nm (OD 600 ) threshold lower than 0.1, and heat maps display a representative of one of the three replicates. MHB, Mueller-Hinton broth.
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    Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. aureus strains. (A to C) Strains JE2, 117, and 158 were exposed to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (A), <t>cefazolin</t> (B), or bacitracin (C). (A) JE2 displays resistance to gentamicin, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.0 μg/mL, while 117 and 158 are susceptible, as they exhibit MICs of 0.5 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively. (B) JE2, 117, and 158 are all susceptible to cefazolin, with MICs of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively. (C) JE2, 117, and 158 are all resistant to bacitracin, as they exhibit MICs of >32, 24, and >32 μg/mL, respectively. The red line represents the MIC breakpoint for each antibiotic for S. aureus . An MIC value at or above the MIC breakpoint classifies the pathogen as resistant to the antibiotic. (D) Susceptibility of S. aureus strains to triple antibiotic pocket irrigant (TAPI) was determined based on an increase in optical density, indicating growth of strains, when exposed to TAPI compared to those not exposed to TAPI. JE2, 117, and 158 display susceptibility to TAPI. MICs were determined using an optical density at 600 nm (OD 600 ) threshold lower than 0.1, and heat maps display a representative of one of the three replicates. MHB, Mueller-Hinton broth.
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    Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. aureus strains. (A to C) Strains JE2, 117, and 158 were exposed to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (A), cefazolin (B), or bacitracin (C). (A) JE2 displays resistance to gentamicin, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.0 μg/mL, while 117 and 158 are susceptible, as they exhibit MICs of 0.5 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively. (B) JE2, 117, and 158 are all susceptible to cefazolin, with MICs of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively. (C) JE2, 117, and 158 are all resistant to bacitracin, as they exhibit MICs of >32, 24, and >32 μg/mL, respectively. The red line represents the MIC breakpoint for each antibiotic for S. aureus . An MIC value at or above the MIC breakpoint classifies the pathogen as resistant to the antibiotic. (D) Susceptibility of S. aureus strains to triple antibiotic pocket irrigant (TAPI) was determined based on an increase in optical density, indicating growth of strains, when exposed to TAPI compared to those not exposed to TAPI. JE2, 117, and 158 display susceptibility to TAPI. MICs were determined using an optical density at 600 nm (OD 600 ) threshold lower than 0.1, and heat maps display a representative of one of the three replicates. MHB, Mueller-Hinton broth.

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Staphylococcus aureus Breast Implant Infection Isolates Display Recalcitrance To Antibiotic Pocket Irrigants

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02884-22

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. aureus strains. (A to C) Strains JE2, 117, and 158 were exposed to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (A), cefazolin (B), or bacitracin (C). (A) JE2 displays resistance to gentamicin, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.0 μg/mL, while 117 and 158 are susceptible, as they exhibit MICs of 0.5 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively. (B) JE2, 117, and 158 are all susceptible to cefazolin, with MICs of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively. (C) JE2, 117, and 158 are all resistant to bacitracin, as they exhibit MICs of >32, 24, and >32 μg/mL, respectively. The red line represents the MIC breakpoint for each antibiotic for S. aureus . An MIC value at or above the MIC breakpoint classifies the pathogen as resistant to the antibiotic. (D) Susceptibility of S. aureus strains to triple antibiotic pocket irrigant (TAPI) was determined based on an increase in optical density, indicating growth of strains, when exposed to TAPI compared to those not exposed to TAPI. JE2, 117, and 158 display susceptibility to TAPI. MICs were determined using an optical density at 600 nm (OD 600 ) threshold lower than 0.1, and heat maps display a representative of one of the three replicates. MHB, Mueller-Hinton broth.

    Article Snippet: Individual antibiotics, including bacitracin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 226100050), cefazolin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 455210010), and gentamicin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 455310050), were diluted to concentrations ranging from 0.0625 to 2,800 μg/mL in MBH.

    Techniques: Concentration Assay

    S. aureus biofilms formed under in vitro conditions display recalcitrance to TAPI antibiotics. JE2 (A), 117 (B), and 158 (C) were allowed to form biofilm and were then exposed to increasing concentration of antibiotics. (A) JE2 biofilm (mean, 0.4406; standard deviation [SD], 0.2192; standard error of the mean [SE], 0.05315) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.9404; mean, 0.4083; SD, 0.2528; SE, 0.1460; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.5360; mean, 0.3653; SD, 0.2630; SE, 0.1518; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.5351; mean, 0.5410; SD, 0.3338; SE, 0.1927) or cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.2314; mean, 0.3073; SD, 0.3052; SE, 0.1526; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.2314; mean, 0.3220; SD, 0.2488; SE, 0.1244; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.6869; mean, 0.3770; SD, 0.2464; SE, 0.1232). TAPI, however, significantly reduced the amount of biomass formed by JE2 ( P value, 0.0018; mean, 0.1637; SD, 0.0140; SE, 0.003932). (B) 117 biofilm (mean, 0.2885; SD, 0.2274; SE, 0.06857) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.6608; mean, 0.4570; SD, 0.4167; SE, 0.2083; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.9714; mean, 0.3860; SD, 0.4954; SE, 0.2477; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.8491; mean, 0.3348; SD, 0.4128; SE, 0.2064), cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.5549; mean, 0.4863; SD, 0.3433; SE, 0.1982; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.3429; mean, 0.1593; SD, 0.04207; SE, 0.02104; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.7325; mean, 0.2625; SD, 0.05548; SE, 0.02265) or to TAPI ( P value, 0.3773; mean, 0.1746; SD, 0.1001; SE, 0.04477). (C) 158 biofilm (mean, 0.2013; SD, 0.07619; SE, 0.02694) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.25 μg/mL: P value, 0.6303; mean, 0.2217; SD, 0.1243; SE, 0.07178; and 0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.4970; mean, 0.1410; SD, 0.02862; SE, 0.01652; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.8518; mean, 0.1987; SD, 0.03819; SE, 0.01559) or cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.7758; mean, 0.1733; SD, 0.03911; SE, 0.02258; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.9507; mean, 0.1922; SD, 0.03274; SE, 0.01337; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.9433; mean, 0.1814; SD, 0.05110; SE, 0.02285). However, TAPI significantly reduced the amount of biomass formed by 158 ( P value, 0.0485; mean, 0.1170; SD, 0.004761; SD, 0.002380). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine statistical significance, where ** indicates P < 0.01, and *** indicates P < 0.0005. P > 0.05 indicates no significant difference. Bar graphs include the means and SDs.

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Staphylococcus aureus Breast Implant Infection Isolates Display Recalcitrance To Antibiotic Pocket Irrigants

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02884-22

    Figure Lengend Snippet: S. aureus biofilms formed under in vitro conditions display recalcitrance to TAPI antibiotics. JE2 (A), 117 (B), and 158 (C) were allowed to form biofilm and were then exposed to increasing concentration of antibiotics. (A) JE2 biofilm (mean, 0.4406; standard deviation [SD], 0.2192; standard error of the mean [SE], 0.05315) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.9404; mean, 0.4083; SD, 0.2528; SE, 0.1460; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.5360; mean, 0.3653; SD, 0.2630; SE, 0.1518; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.5351; mean, 0.5410; SD, 0.3338; SE, 0.1927) or cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.2314; mean, 0.3073; SD, 0.3052; SE, 0.1526; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.2314; mean, 0.3220; SD, 0.2488; SE, 0.1244; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.6869; mean, 0.3770; SD, 0.2464; SE, 0.1232). TAPI, however, significantly reduced the amount of biomass formed by JE2 ( P value, 0.0018; mean, 0.1637; SD, 0.0140; SE, 0.003932). (B) 117 biofilm (mean, 0.2885; SD, 0.2274; SE, 0.06857) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.6608; mean, 0.4570; SD, 0.4167; SE, 0.2083; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.9714; mean, 0.3860; SD, 0.4954; SE, 0.2477; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.8491; mean, 0.3348; SD, 0.4128; SE, 0.2064), cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.5549; mean, 0.4863; SD, 0.3433; SE, 0.1982; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.3429; mean, 0.1593; SD, 0.04207; SE, 0.02104; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.7325; mean, 0.2625; SD, 0.05548; SE, 0.02265) or to TAPI ( P value, 0.3773; mean, 0.1746; SD, 0.1001; SE, 0.04477). (C) 158 biofilm (mean, 0.2013; SD, 0.07619; SE, 0.02694) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.25 μg/mL: P value, 0.6303; mean, 0.2217; SD, 0.1243; SE, 0.07178; and 0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.4970; mean, 0.1410; SD, 0.02862; SE, 0.01652; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.8518; mean, 0.1987; SD, 0.03819; SE, 0.01559) or cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.7758; mean, 0.1733; SD, 0.03911; SE, 0.02258; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.9507; mean, 0.1922; SD, 0.03274; SE, 0.01337; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.9433; mean, 0.1814; SD, 0.05110; SE, 0.02285). However, TAPI significantly reduced the amount of biomass formed by 158 ( P value, 0.0485; mean, 0.1170; SD, 0.004761; SD, 0.002380). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine statistical significance, where ** indicates P < 0.01, and *** indicates P < 0.0005. P > 0.05 indicates no significant difference. Bar graphs include the means and SDs.

    Article Snippet: Individual antibiotics, including bacitracin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 226100050), cefazolin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 455210010), and gentamicin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 455310050), were diluted to concentrations ranging from 0.0625 to 2,800 μg/mL in MBH.

    Techniques: In Vitro, Concentration Assay, Standard Deviation, MANN-WHITNEY

    S. aureus biofilms formed under in vitro conditions that mimic the host environment display recalcitrance to TAPI antibiotics. JE2 (A), 117 (B), and 158 (C) were allowed to form biofilm in the presence of human plasma and were then exposed to increasing concentrations of antibiotics. (A) JE2 biofilm (mean, 1.387; SD, 0.8289; SE, 0.2010) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.6895, mean, 1.473, SD, 0.4182, SE, 0.2414; 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.4158; mean, 1.718; SD, 0.7085; SE, 0.4091; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.6895; mean, 1.568; SD, 0.6093; SE, 0.3518), cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.6977; mean, 1.404; SD, 0.8419; SE, 0.4209; 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.2750; mean, 1.763; SD, 0.4310; SE, 0.2155; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.1718; mean, 1.874; SD, 0.3805; SE, 0.1902) or to TAPI ( P value, 0.4633; mean, 1.680; SD, 0.63060; SE, 0.2384). (B) 117 biofilm (mean, 0.9390; SD, 0.5298; SE, 0.1529) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.9527; mean, 0.9323; SD, 0.3203; SE, 0.1601; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.5989; mean, 1.027; SD, 0.1928; SE, 0.0963; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.5989; mean, 0.6678; SD, 0.4147; SE, 0.2073) or cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.5549; mean, 1.381; SD, 0.4167; SE, 0.2406; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.6835; mean 0.8608; SD, 0.5292; SE, 0.2646; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.6820; mean, 1.041; SD, 0.4144; SE, 0.1692) but was significantly increased when exposed to TAPI ( P value, 0.0268; mean, 1.702; SD, 0.4690; SE, 0.2098). (C) 158 biofilm (mean, 0.7978; SD, 0.4863; SE, 0.1621) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.25 μg/mL: P value, >0.9999; mean, 0.8670; SD, 0.7762; SE, 0.4481; and 0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.7273; mean, 0.5587; SD, 0.3031; SE, 0.1750; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.6070; mean, 0.5858; SD, 0.3300; SE, 0.1347) or cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.4818; mean, 0.9963; SD, 2.2337; SE, 0.1349; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.5827; mean, 0.7883; SD, 0.3636; SE, 0.1484; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.6064; mean, 0.9816; SD, 0.7121; SE, 0.3184) but was significantly increased when exposed to TAPI ( P value, 0.0336; mean, 1.676; SD, 0.6467; SE, 0.3235). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine statistical significance, where ** indicates P < 0.01, and *** indicates P < 0.0005. P > 0.05 indicates no significant difference. Bar graphs include the mean and standard deviation.

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Staphylococcus aureus Breast Implant Infection Isolates Display Recalcitrance To Antibiotic Pocket Irrigants

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02884-22

    Figure Lengend Snippet: S. aureus biofilms formed under in vitro conditions that mimic the host environment display recalcitrance to TAPI antibiotics. JE2 (A), 117 (B), and 158 (C) were allowed to form biofilm in the presence of human plasma and were then exposed to increasing concentrations of antibiotics. (A) JE2 biofilm (mean, 1.387; SD, 0.8289; SE, 0.2010) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.6895, mean, 1.473, SD, 0.4182, SE, 0.2414; 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.4158; mean, 1.718; SD, 0.7085; SE, 0.4091; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.6895; mean, 1.568; SD, 0.6093; SE, 0.3518), cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.6977; mean, 1.404; SD, 0.8419; SE, 0.4209; 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.2750; mean, 1.763; SD, 0.4310; SE, 0.2155; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.1718; mean, 1.874; SD, 0.3805; SE, 0.1902) or to TAPI ( P value, 0.4633; mean, 1.680; SD, 0.63060; SE, 0.2384). (B) 117 biofilm (mean, 0.9390; SD, 0.5298; SE, 0.1529) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.9527; mean, 0.9323; SD, 0.3203; SE, 0.1601; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.5989; mean, 1.027; SD, 0.1928; SE, 0.0963; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.5989; mean, 0.6678; SD, 0.4147; SE, 0.2073) or cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.5549; mean, 1.381; SD, 0.4167; SE, 0.2406; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.6835; mean 0.8608; SD, 0.5292; SE, 0.2646; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.6820; mean, 1.041; SD, 0.4144; SE, 0.1692) but was significantly increased when exposed to TAPI ( P value, 0.0268; mean, 1.702; SD, 0.4690; SE, 0.2098). (C) 158 biofilm (mean, 0.7978; SD, 0.4863; SE, 0.1621) was not significantly affected following exposure to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (0.25 μg/mL: P value, >0.9999; mean, 0.8670; SD, 0.7762; SE, 0.4481; and 0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.7273; mean, 0.5587; SD, 0.3031; SE, 0.1750; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.6070; mean, 0.5858; SD, 0.3300; SE, 0.1347) or cefazolin (0.5 μg/mL: P value, 0.4818; mean, 0.9963; SD, 2.2337; SE, 0.1349; and 1 μg/mL: P value, 0.5827; mean, 0.7883; SD, 0.3636; SE, 0.1484; and 2 μg/mL: P value, 0.6064; mean, 0.9816; SD, 0.7121; SE, 0.3184) but was significantly increased when exposed to TAPI ( P value, 0.0336; mean, 1.676; SD, 0.6467; SE, 0.3235). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine statistical significance, where ** indicates P < 0.01, and *** indicates P < 0.0005. P > 0.05 indicates no significant difference. Bar graphs include the mean and standard deviation.

    Article Snippet: Individual antibiotics, including bacitracin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 226100050), cefazolin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 455210010), and gentamicin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 455310050), were diluted to concentrations ranging from 0.0625 to 2,800 μg/mL in MBH.

    Techniques: In Vitro, Clinical Proteomics, MANN-WHITNEY, Standard Deviation

    Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of P. aeruginosa strains. PAO1, 157, and 160 strains were exposed to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (A), cefazolin (B), or (C) bacitracin. (A) PAO1, 157, and 160 all displayed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 1 μg/mL, indicating that they are susceptible to gentamicin. (B) PAO1, 157, and 160 all displayed MICs of >32 μg/mL, indicating that they are all resistant to cefazolin. (C) PAO1, 157, and 160 all displayed MICs of >1,400 μg/mL, indicating that they are all resistant to bacitracin. The red line represents the MIC breakpoint for each antibiotic for P. aeruginosa . A MIC value at or above the MIC breakpoint classifies the pathogen as resistant to the antibiotic. (D) Susceptibility of P. aeruginosa strains to triple antibiotic pocket irrigant (TAPI) was determined based on an increase in optical density, indicating growth of strains, when exposed to TAPI compared to those not exposed. PAO1, 157, and 160 are susceptible to TAPI. The MICs were determined using an OD 600 threshold lower than 0.1, and the heat maps display a representative of one of the three replicates.

    Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

    Article Title: Staphylococcus aureus Breast Implant Infection Isolates Display Recalcitrance To Antibiotic Pocket Irrigants

    doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02884-22

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of P. aeruginosa strains. PAO1, 157, and 160 strains were exposed to increasing concentrations of gentamicin (A), cefazolin (B), or (C) bacitracin. (A) PAO1, 157, and 160 all displayed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 1 μg/mL, indicating that they are susceptible to gentamicin. (B) PAO1, 157, and 160 all displayed MICs of >32 μg/mL, indicating that they are all resistant to cefazolin. (C) PAO1, 157, and 160 all displayed MICs of >1,400 μg/mL, indicating that they are all resistant to bacitracin. The red line represents the MIC breakpoint for each antibiotic for P. aeruginosa . A MIC value at or above the MIC breakpoint classifies the pathogen as resistant to the antibiotic. (D) Susceptibility of P. aeruginosa strains to triple antibiotic pocket irrigant (TAPI) was determined based on an increase in optical density, indicating growth of strains, when exposed to TAPI compared to those not exposed. PAO1, 157, and 160 are susceptible to TAPI. The MICs were determined using an OD 600 threshold lower than 0.1, and the heat maps display a representative of one of the three replicates.

    Article Snippet: Individual antibiotics, including bacitracin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 226100050), cefazolin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 455210010), and gentamicin (Thermo Fisher, catalog no. 455310050), were diluted to concentrations ranging from 0.0625 to 2,800 μg/mL in MBH.

    Techniques:

    Characterization of the release profile and biocompatibility of the engineered platform. ( a ) Effect of temperature on the intensity of the methylene blue release from the nanofibrous platform. ( b ) The spectrum of release rate of cefazolin from the nanofibrous drug delivery system at different temperatures. ( c ) Effect of temperature on the interfacial release rate of ceftriaxone from the nanofibrous drug delivery system. ( d ) Cyclic thermal stimulation at different temperatures for on-demand release of cefazolin. ( e ) Assessment of the effectiveness of the released drug against bacterial culture; occurrence of a clear inhibition zone around the mesh containing cefazolin at 38 °C (i) in comparison to the mesh without cefazolin (ii) and the mesh containing cefazolin without heater after 12 h (iii). ( f , g ) Effect of the released antibiotics on the number of CFUs in a bacteria solution after 24 h of culture; ceftriaxone against E. coli and cefazoline against S. areus . ( h ) Metabolic activity of human keratinocytes cultured in contact with the nanofibrous substrate with and without nanoparticles and the flexible heater (***p < 0.001). ( i ) Immunostaining against F-actin and cell nuclei (DAPI) confirming the normal morphology of the cells cultured in contact with the nanofibrous substrate.

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: Biodegradable elastic nanofibrous platforms with integrated flexible heaters for on-demand drug delivery

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04749-8

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Characterization of the release profile and biocompatibility of the engineered platform. ( a ) Effect of temperature on the intensity of the methylene blue release from the nanofibrous platform. ( b ) The spectrum of release rate of cefazolin from the nanofibrous drug delivery system at different temperatures. ( c ) Effect of temperature on the interfacial release rate of ceftriaxone from the nanofibrous drug delivery system. ( d ) Cyclic thermal stimulation at different temperatures for on-demand release of cefazolin. ( e ) Assessment of the effectiveness of the released drug against bacterial culture; occurrence of a clear inhibition zone around the mesh containing cefazolin at 38 °C (i) in comparison to the mesh without cefazolin (ii) and the mesh containing cefazolin without heater after 12 h (iii). ( f , g ) Effect of the released antibiotics on the number of CFUs in a bacteria solution after 24 h of culture; ceftriaxone against E. coli and cefazoline against S. areus . ( h ) Metabolic activity of human keratinocytes cultured in contact with the nanofibrous substrate with and without nanoparticles and the flexible heater (***p < 0.001). ( i ) Immunostaining against F-actin and cell nuclei (DAPI) confirming the normal morphology of the cells cultured in contact with the nanofibrous substrate.

    Article Snippet: Cefazolin sodium salt (≥98% purity) was obtained from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland).

    Techniques: Inhibition, Comparison, Bacteria, Activity Assay, Cell Culture, Immunostaining